Средства и методы разработки

Изучать C++ используя текст стандарта практически невозможно, бессмысленно. C++ Программисты в спорах обращаются к стандарту, но мало кто его читает хотя бы для общего развития. Ибо невозможно. Текст стандарта - это даже не канцелярит, это набор ограничивающих предложений и зачастую масса перекрестных ссылок. Стандарт нужен для построения компиляторов. В меньшей степени он нужен программистам. Пример:

— If T is a fundamental type, its associated sets of namespaces and classes are both empty.

— If T is a class type (including unions), its associated classes are: the class itself; the class of which it is a
member, if any; and its direct and indirect base classes. Its associated namespaces are the namespaces
in which its associated classes are defined.

— If T is an enumeration type, its associated namespace is the namespace in which it is defined. If it is
class member, its associated class is the member’s class; else it has no associated class.

— If T is a pointer to U or an array of U, its associated namespaces and classes are those associated with U.

— If T is a function type, its associated namespaces and classes are those associated with the function
parameter types and those associated with the return type.

— If T is a pointer to a member function of a class X, its associated namespaces and classes are those associated
with the function parameter types and return type, together with those associated with X.

— If T is a pointer to a data member of class X, its associated namespaces and classes are those associated
with the member type together with those associated with X.

— If T is a template-id, its associated namespaces and classes are the namespace in which the template is
defined; for member templates, the member template’s class; the namespaces and classes associated
with the types of the template arguments provided for template type parameters (excluding template
template parameters); the namespaces in which any template template arguments are defined; and the
classes in which any member templates used as template template arguments are defined. [Note: nontype
template arguments do not contribute to the set of associated namespaces. ]
In addition, if the argument is the name or address of a set of overloaded functions...